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Consanguinity, Inbreeding, and Genetic Drift in Italy - Gianna Zei - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Consanguinity, Inbreeding, and Genetic Drift in Italy - Gianna Zei - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

In 1951, the geneticist Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza was teaching in Parma when a student--a priest named Antonio Moroni--told him about rich church records of demography and marriages between relatives. After convincing the Church to open its records, Cavalli-Sforza, Moroni, and Gianna Zei embarked on a landmark study that would last fifty years and cover all of Italy. This book assembles and analyzes the team''s research for the first time. Using blood testing as well as church records, the team investigated the frequency of consanguineous marriages and its use for estimating inbreeding and studying the relations between inbreeding and drift. They tested the importance of random genetic drift by studying population structure through demography of the last three centuries, using it to predict the spatial variation of frequencies of genetic markers. The authors find that drift-related genetic variation, including its stabilization by migration, is best predicted by computer simulation. They also analyze the usefulness and limits of the concept of deme for defining Mendelian populations. The genetic effect of consanguineous marriage on recessive genetic diseases and for the detection of dominance in metric characters are also studied. Ultimately bringing together the many strands of their massive project, Cavalli-Sforza, Moroni, and Zei are able to map genetic drift in all of Italy''s approximately 8,000 communes and to demonstrate the relationship between each locality''s drift and various ecological and demographic factors. In terms of both methods and findings, their accomplishment is tremendously important for understanding human social structure and the genetic effects of drift and inbreeding.

DKK 722.00
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The Genetic Lottery - Kathryn Paige Harden - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

The Genetic Lottery - Kathryn Paige Harden - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Mathematical Properties of Population-Genetic Statistics - Noah A. Rosenberg - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Mathematical Properties of Population-Genetic Statistics - Noah A. Rosenberg - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

A powerful new approach to interpreting population-genetic data in evolution and ecologyPopulation genetics uses statistical analysis to catalog genetic variation among populations and species. Summary statistics computed from allele frequencies—mathematical functions that measure features of genetic similarity and diversity—are key to this global effort. Yet despite their widespread use in evolutionary biology, ecology, and conservation biology, their mathematical properties have largely been overlooked. This book shows how to use the mathematical bounds on summary statistics to make better interpretations of population-genetic data. Noah Rosenberg discusses how the behavior of these statistics depends not only on the biology of the populations they seek to describe but also on the mathematical properties of the functions used to compute them, properties that produce constraints on the values of the statistics and influence their interpretation. Focusing on the concept of homozygosity—a quadratic function of allele frequencies in a population—he demonstrates how to account for mathematical constraints when measuring genetic similarity and diversity. Rosenberg illustrates the results using examples from empirical data and shares strategies that readers can use to apply this mathematical perspective to different kinds of summary statistics, including those for measuring biodiversity in ecological communities. Drawing inspiration from Charles Darwin, who marveled at evolution’s “endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful,” this book presents a groundbreaking approach to the study of genetic variation. It is sure to stimulate new research in population biology and deeper thinking about the meaning and interpretation of essential measurements of the world’s genomes.

DKK 563.00
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Genetic Structure and Selection in Subdivided Populations - Francois Rousset - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Horses of the World - Elise Rousseau - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Theoretical Studies on Sex Ratio Evolution - Samuel Karlin - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

The Evolution of Imperfection - Laurence D. Hurst - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

The Evolution of Imperfection - Laurence D. Hurst - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

How understanding our genetic imperfections can change our view of evolution and enrich what it means to be human If we start with the presumption that evolution is a constantly improving process, some aspects of our evolution just do not make sense. We have a high rate of genetic diseases, for example, and much of our DNA seems to be pointless. In The Evolution of Imperfection , Laurence Hurst explores our apparently rotten genetic luck.Hurst, a leading authority on evolution and genetics, argues that our evolutionary imperfections proceed directly from two features: the difficulties of pregnancy and the fact that historically there are relatively few of us. In pregnancy, natural selection can favor chromosomes that kill embryos in species (including ours) that continuously receive resources from the mother. Most fertilized eggs don’t make it, and incompatibilities between the fetus and mother can lead to lethal disorders of pregnancy. The historically small population size enhances the role of chance, which in turn leads to both accumulation of unnecessary DNA and more mutation.So what can save us? One answer may lie in genetic medicine, which has given us therapies that make killer conditions preventable and even curable.Hurst suggests that our seeming imperfections could be the key to a new way to understand evolution itself. Looking at circumstances that seem to defy explanation, we might come to a richer understanding of how evolution really works, and what it means to be human.

DKK 248.00
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Geographical Genetics - Bryan K. Epperson - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Geographical Genetics - Bryan K. Epperson - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Population genetics has made great strides in applying statistical analysis and mathematical modeling to understand how genes mutate and spread through populations over time. But real populations also live in space. Streams, mountains, and other geographic features often divide populations, limit migration, or otherwise influence gene flow. This book rigorously examines the processes that determine geographic patterns of genetic variation, providing a comprehensive guide to their study and interpretation. Geographical Genetics has a unique focus on the mathematical relationships of spatial statistical measures of patterns to stochastic processes. It also develops the probability and distribution theory of various spatial statistics for analysis of population genetic data, detailing exact methods for using various spatial features to make precise inferences about migration, natural selection, and other dynamic forces. The book also reviews the experimental literature on the types of spatial patterns of genetic variation found within and among populations. And it makes an unprecedented strong connection between observed measures of spatial patterns and those predicted theoretically. Along the way, it introduces readers to the mathematics of spatial statistics, applications to specific population genetic systems, and the relationship between the mathematics of space-time processes and the formal theory of geographical genetics. Written by a leading authority, this is the first comprehensive treatment of geographical genetics. It is a much-needed guide to the theory, techniques, and applications of a field that will play an increasingly important role in population biology and ecology.

DKK 767.00
1

Horses - Ludovic Orlando - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

Horses - Ludovic Orlando - Bog - Princeton University Press - Plusbog.dk

From one of today’s leading experts on ancient DNA, a sweeping genetic history that unravels the mystery of where horses were first domesticated Ludovic Orlando garnered world acclaim for helping to rewrite the genomic history of horse domestication. Horses takes you behind the scenes of this ambitious genealogical investigation, revealing how he and an international team of scientists discovered the elusive origins of modern horses. Along the way, he shows how the domestication of the horse changed the trajectory of civilization—with benefits and unforeseen consequences for the animals themselves.Orlando brought together worldclass experts in genomics, archaeology, and the history of peoples, languages, and migrations. Comparing the DNA of ancient horses to the genomes of dozens of modern horse breeds, these researchers reconstructed millennia of equine evolutionary history. They now believe that horses were first domesticated some 4,200 years ago on the steppes of the North Caucasus. Orlando discusses how selective breeding significantly intensified over the past two centuries, giving rise to faster, stronger horses but also creating a severe decline in genetic diversity that has made horses more prone to genetic diseases. He looks at breeds throughout history and around the world, explaining how they have been bred for particular purposes or environments, from Botai and Przewalski’s horses to the warhorses of the Vikings and Genghis Khan, Arabian thoroughbreds, Himalayan steeds, and mules.Blending panoramic storytelling with cutting-edge genetic science, Horses chronicles an unbreakable bond that was forged thousands of years ago on the windswept Eurasian Steppe, one that heralded a bold new era in the human drama—that of speed.

DKK 253.00
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