Routledge Revivals: Guards Imprisoned (1989) - Lucien X. Lombardo - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

First published in 1989, Guards Imprisoned provides an in-depth look into the work and working life of prison guards as they perceive and experience it. The author, who was a teacher at Auburn Prison, New York, discovered that little was known about the guard’s perceptions of his "place" in the prison community and set out to explore the dynamics of this key correctional occupation from the perspective of those who do it. The raw data was provided by over 160 hours of interviews with guards and is presented in the order of a "natural history" — from their prerecruitment images of prison to the search for satisfaction as experienced guards. The book also includes a follow-up with the officers who were originally interviewed in 1976, assessing patterns of change and stability in their attitudes and behaviors. The Auburn Correctional Facility (renamed from Auburn Prison in 1970) was the second state prison in New York, the site of the first execution by electric chair in 1890, and the namesake of the famed "Auburn System" replicated across the country, in which people worked in groups during the day, were housed in solitary confinement at night, and lived in total silence. The facility is celebrating the 200th anniversary of its groundbreaking in 2016.

Making China Urban - Hyun Bang Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book provides a comprehensive account of the global, regional and urban dimensions of China’s development, and the resulting socio-economic and political outcomes. Shin begins by documenting and analysing China’s changing position in the world economy before turning to the development challenges that urban China faces such as social and geographical disparities, civil society and rights and, in particular, China’s uneven urban and regional development. Each chapter will provide an overview of the key issues and associated debates, supported by reference materials, tables and case studies. End of chapter summaries will highlight key themes, discussion questions and suggestions for further reading. This book will be suitable for use on upper lever undergraduate and postgraduate courses on China’s development, Chinese geography and urban China, as well as related courses in geography, sociology, urban planning, anthropology, urban studies, international development, area studies, policy studies and political science.

Making China Urban - Hyun Bang Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book provides a comprehensive account of the global, regional and urban dimensions of China’s development, and the resulting socio-economic and political outcomes. Shin begins by documenting and analysing China’s changing position in the world economy before turning to the development challenges that urban China faces such as social and geographical disparities, civil society and rights and, in particular, China’s uneven urban and regional development. Each chapter will provide an overview of the key issues and associated debates, supported by reference materials, tables and case studies. End of chapter summaries will highlight key themes, discussion questions and suggestions for further reading. This book will be suitable for use on upper lever undergraduate and postgraduate courses on China’s development, Chinese geography and urban China, as well as related courses in geography, sociology, urban planning, anthropology, urban studies, international development, area studies, policy studies and political science.

Change, Continuity and Complexity - Jae Eun Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

The Mahāvidyās are the representative Tantric feminine pantheon consisting of ten goddesses. It is formed by divergent religious strands and elements: the mātṛ and yoginī worship, the cult of Kālī and Tripurasundarī, Vajrayāna Buddhism, Jain Vidyādevīs, Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava faith, Śrīvidyā, the Brahmanical strand of Puranic traditions, etc. This volume is the first attempt to explore the historical process, through which these traditions culminated in the Mahāvidyā cult and the goddesses with different origins and contradictory attributes were brought into a cluster, with special reference to socio-political changes in the lower Gaṅgā and Brahmaputra Valley between the 9th and 15th centuries CE. Based on a close analysis of Purāṇas, Tantras and inscriptional evidence, and on extensive field research on archaeological remains as well as sacred sites, Jae-Eun Shin discusses the two trajectories of the Mahāvidyās in eastern Śākta traditions. Each led to the systematization of Daśamahāvidyās in a specific way: one, as ten manifestations of Durgā upholding dharma in the cosmic dimension, and the other, as ten mandalic goddesses bearing magical powers in the actual sacred site. Their attributes and characteristics have neither been static nor monolithic, and the mode of worship prescribed for them has changed in a dialectical religious process between Brahmanical and Tantric traditions of the region. This is the definitive work for anyone seeking to understand goddess cults of South Asia in general and the history of eastern Śākta traditions in particular. To aid study, the volume includes images, diagrams and maps. Please note: Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

Popular Buddhism in Japan - Esben Andreasen - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

With a foreword by Prof. Alfred Bloom. This completely new study of Japanese Shin Buddhism offers a valuable combination of historical development, carefully selected readings with commentaries and illustrations. Widely welcomed both for its scope as course work reader and as a general introduction to the subject.

Debiasing AI - Donghee Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

In an era where artificial intelligence (AI) drives unprecedented change, Debiasing AI examines the vital intersection of technology, innovation, and sustainability. This book confronts the pressing challenge of bias in AI systems, exploring its far-reaching implications for fairness, trust, and ethical practices. Through a multidisciplinary lens, the author examines how human biases are embedded in large language models, amplified by coded machine learning, and propagated through trained algorithms. Practical strategies are offered to address these issues, paving the way for the development of more equitable and inclusive AI technologies. With actionable insights, empirical case studies, and theoretical frameworks, Debiasing AI offers a roadmap for designing AI technologies that are not only innovative but also ethically sound and equitable. A must-read for scholars, industry leaders, and policymakers, this book inspires a reimagining of AI’s role in creating a fairer and more sustainable future.

Algorithms, Humans, and Interactions - Don Donghee Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Amidst the rampant use of algorithmization enabled by AI, the common theme of AI systems is the human factor. Humans play an essential role in designing, developing, and operationalizing AI systems. We have a remit to ensure those systems run transparently, perform equitably, value our privacy, and effectively fulfill human needs. This book takes an interdisciplinary approach to contribute to the ongoing development of human–AI interaction with a particular focus on the "human" dimension and provides insights to improve the design of AI that could be genuinely beneficial and effectively used in society. The readers of this book will benefit by gaining insights into various perspectives about how AI has impacted people and society and how it will do so in the future, and understanding how we can design algorithm systems that are beneficial, legitimate, usable by humans, and designed considering and respecting human values. This book provides a horizontal set of guidelines and insight into how humans can be empowered by making choices about AI designs that allow them meaningful control over AI. Designing meaningful AI experiences has garnered great attention to address responsibility gaps and mitigate them by establishing conditions that enable the proper attribution of responsibility to humans. This book helps us understand the possibilities of what AI systems can do and how they can and should be integrated into our society.

Linguistics for Language Teachers - Sarah J. Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book is an accessible introduction to linguistics specifically tailored for teachers of second language/bilingual education. It guides teachers stepwise through the components of language, focusing on the areas of linguistics that are most pertinent for teaching. Throughout the book there are opportunities to analyze linguistic data and discuss language-related issues in various educational and social contexts. Readers will be able to identify patterns in actual language use to inform their teaching and help learners advance to the next level. A highly readable account of how language works, this book is an ideal text for teacher education courses.

Seoul, Korea's Global City - Kyoung Ho Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Seoul, as one of Asia’s rising global cities, has been a place where enormous changes in politics, industry, and culture have taken place over the last five decades. This book explores the new urbanism in Seoul from the perspective of global political economy, focusing on the contexts in which the city has witnessed the transformation of its population structure, such as the rise of the global urban middle class and the city’s increased nodal function in commodity chains. The burgeoning signs of Seoul’s status as a global city are discussed in terms of transnational tourism and the frequency of study abroad, the immigrant community, and cross-border cultural flows. Examining the labour structures within the city, economic growth policy, the role of advanced information technology, and neoliberal urban development, the authors also examine the local response in the city to its emerging status. A study of the development of the Korean capital and its deep embeddedness in the world economy, Seoul, Korea’s Global City will appeal to scholars of sociology, geography and economics with interests in political economy, urban studies and Asian studies.

Speed Up Your Chinese - Shin Yong Robson - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Black Sportsmen (Routledge Revivals) - E. Cashmore - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

First published in 1982, Black Sportsmen examines the affect that race has had on sportspeople. The book is based on interviews with a wide range of sportspeople from Olympic athletes to schoolchildren and novices. Written at a time when many black youths were turning to, and succeeding in sports such as athletics, boxing, football, karate and table tennis, this book focuses on the various ways in which black sports competitors reacted to their blackness.

Black Sportsmen (Routledge Revivals) - E. Cashmore - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

First published in 1982, Black Sportsmen examines the effect that race has had on sportspeople. The book is based on interviews with a wide range of sportspeople from Olympic athletes to schoolchildren and novices. Written at a time when many black youths were turning to, and succeeding in sports such as athletics, boxing, football, karate and table tennis, this book focuses on the various ways in which black sports competitors reacted to their blackness.

Urban Transformation in East Asia - Hyun Bang Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book explores urban transformation in East Asia, focusing in particular on the rapid transformation of old and dilapidated neighbourhoods in East Asian cities. Drawing on detailed empirical fieldwork conducted in Seoul and Beijing, including case studies of redevelopment neighbourhoods and interviews with government officials, real estate developers and local residents, it explores the different approaches to urban transformation that have been adopted. It shows how despite social, economic and political differences between cities, urban transformation has come to depend heavily on the participation of real estate developers and property owners for their successful implementation. It describes how property-based interests have formed partnerships to revalue under-valued neighbourhoods and make way for higher priced dwellings and higher income residents, which in turn has left many low-income families facing the demolition of and displacement from their neighbourhoods. It assesses the reasons behind the rise of developer-led renewal, and considers the benefits and costs accruing to all the affected parties. It concludes by drawing implications for public policy, arguing that urban transformation has not had benign outcomes for all, and that stronger government intervention is necessary to safeguard the interests of existing residents in dilapidated neighbourhoods.

Philosophy of Law in Korea - Dong Ryong Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

When Korea began as a newly independent state in 1948, its economy was very underdeveloped and the rule of law was just established. The journey of democratization in Korea was not without challenges. This book traces the history of the legal philosophy development in Korea and highlights Korea''s unique experience. This book shows how Western legal philosophy has been accepted in Korea, a non-Western country that has newly introduced the Western legal system and what role the legal philosophy has played in social context. The book also examines academic scholars'' intellectual activities in a historical context and how their intellectual products are yielded through their continuous response to the circumstances of the time. It specifically looks at the many challenging tasks legal philosophers had to overcome in a society when the rule of law and democracy had not yet settled. The book explores how Korean legal philosophers coped during such unique historical situations. It also illustrates how Korean scholars accepted German and Anglo-American legal philosophies and integrated them to change social realities of Korea. Through Korea’s experience, this book will provide insights into how modern legal philosophy develops in a new state and what legal philosophers'' responses would be like during such a process. The developing process of legal philosophy in Korean society will interest not only readers in countries who have had similar experiences to Korea, but also readers in the West.

The Economics of the Latecomers - Jang Sup Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book examines the spectacularly successful economies of East Asia, Japan and South Korea. The comparison of the ''catching-up'' process in Japan and South Korea includes studies of the iron and steel and semi-conductor industries. The author shows the difficulties involved in trying to detect general patterns of development, as both countries appear to respond to different technological imperatives. As a result general models of development should be treated with caution, given the need to consider different historical and institutional contexts.

Saudi Arabia - Anders Jerichow - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Based on interviews with sources ranging from dissidents to diplomats, the book takes the reader behind the wall of piety and medievalism that guards Saudi sensitivities. Discussing the ruling family''s self-awarded birthright to wealth and power, Anders Jerichow questions whether it is possible to ignore the rules of the world and still enjoy the protection of the international community?

Fusang - Charles G. Leland - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book, first published in 1875 and reissued in 1973, analyses the limited evidence from the works of early Chinese historians that explorers from China had discovered a country they called Fusang – possibly western America, and in all probability Mexico. The original document on which Chinese historians based their accounts of Fusang was the report of a Buddhist monk called Hoei-shin, who, in the year 499 AD, returned from a long journey to the east.

Korean National Identity under Japanese Colonial Rule - Michael Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Modern Korean nationalism has been shaped by the turbulent historical forces that shook and transformed the peninsula during the twentieth century, including foreign occupation, civil war, and division. This book examines the emergence of the nation as the hegemonic form of collective identity after the March First Movement of 1919, widely seen as one of the major turning points of modern Korean history. The analysis focuses on Yi Gwangsu (1892–1950), a pioneering novelist, newspaper editor, and leader of the nationalist movement, who was directly involved in many aspects of its emergence during the Japanese occupation period. Yi Gwangsu was one of the few intellectuals who not only wrote for almost the entirety of the colonial period but who also was centrally involved in many institutions related to the production of identity. By focusing on Yi Gwangsu the book provides a different kind of historical narrative linking the various fragments of the nation, puts forward a new understanding of the March First Movement and its role in the emergence of the nation, and demonstrates how central to the emergence of the nation were the development of the print industry, the rise of a modern readership, and the emergence of a capitalist market for print. This book shows how the March First Movement catalyzed the confluence of these factors, enabling the nation to emerge as the dominant form of collective identity.

Border Security in the Balkans - Alice Hills - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Borders dominate the security agenda in South-east Europe. Political and ethnic discontents focus on disputed borders, while traffickers in migrants and drugs ignore them.The EU argues that the Balkan countries should develop models of border management using its policing standards, but the region is rife with corruption and its border guards are both under-resourced and ineffective. This Paper asks how and why border management in South-east Europe is developing as it is, and what this might mean for the future of Europe. Drawing on recent experience in Bosnia, Herzegovina, Slovenia, Macedonia and Albania, it looks at the ways in which the regions'' borders are managed, and gauges the development of a consensual European approach to border security. It shows how governments and guards understand the predicament of regional insecurity, and how they respond with strategies that accommodate, evade or subvert unavoidable political pressures.

Expanding Ecological Approaches to Language, Culture, and Identity - Jaran Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book explores the process of identity (re)construction among mixed-heritage children within the context of globalization through the lens of its intersection with Korean society. The volume illustrates how these multicultural children mediate hybrid social spaces and examines their personal approaches toward translating, resisting, and transforming the entanglements engendered in those spaces. By tracing the trajectories of their identity (re)formations over several years, the book details the paths these youths have taken to navigate diverse contact zones and cope with institutional regulatory mechanisms. It highlights that, in the face of prevailing social stigma, they actively involve themselves in political action in their day-to-day lives: they redefine what it means to be Korean and/but multicultural, challenge simplistic membership boundaries, and develop unique strategies to resist and subsist. These efforts to question the essentialist logic of authenticity demonstrate that these youths, situated at the convergence of globalization, migration, inequality, and political power, represent a challenge to both national and global orders. Arguing that ecological perspectives need to direct greater attention toward the political as well as the posthumanist dimensions of language, culture, and identity, this book is key reading for scholars in applied linguistics, intercultural communication, and Asian studies.

Daoist Ritual, State Religion, and Popular Practices - Shin Yi Chao - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Zhenwu, or the Perfected Warrior, is one of the few Chinese Deities that can rightfully claim a countrywide devotion. Religious specialists, lay devotees, the state machine, and the cultural industry all participated, both collaboratively and competitively, in the evolution of this devotional movement. This book centres on the development and transformation of the godhead of Zhenwu, as well as the devotional movement focused on him. Organised chronologically on the development of the Zhenwu worship in Daoist rituals, state religion, and popular practices, it looks at the changes in the way Zhenwu was perceived, and the historical context in which those changes took place. The author investigates the complicated means by which various social and political groups contested with each other in appropriating cultural-religious symbols. The question at the core of the book is how, in a given historical context, human agents and social institutions shape the religious world to which they profess devotion. The work offers a holistic approach to religion in a period of Chinese history when central, local, official, clerical and popular power are constantly negotiating and reshaping established values.

A Linguistic Image of Womanhood in South Korea - Jiyoung Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

A Linguistic Image of Womanhood in South Korea examines the verbal and non-verbal techniques used by contemporary South Korean women to navigate their society. South Korea is extremely hierarchical, and this is expressed through a complex array of different politeness levels in words, gestures, and behaviours. These hierarchies were formed over 500 years ago with the introduction of Neo-Confucianism from China, but patriarchal and paternalistic values still linger in contemporary Korean society. In this book, the authors have coined the term ‘language cosmetics’ to describe how women in South Korea modify their language and behaviour to conform to social expectations. The book examines womanhood and femininity as seen in popular Korean films, K-dramas, and K-pop. The authors note that feminine language and behaviour are not limited to women (as seen by the practice of aegyo or ‘acting cute’ within Korean boy bands), and they describe the tensions between gender hierarchy and socioeconomic status (as seen in the powerful and elegant samonim ladies of K-drama). This book will be informative for those studying and researching in the fields of Asian studies, cultural studies, linguistics, and East Asian languages, particularly those analysing how society and gender have an impact upon language.

The Cultural Politics of Urban Development in South Korea - Haeran Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This book analyses the cultural politics of urban development in Gwangju, South Korea, and illustrates the implementation of state-led arts-based urban boosterism efforts in the context of political trauma and the desire for economic growth. The book explores urban development that is complicated by the recent history of democratic uprising in Gwangju, and it examines the dichotomy between cities as growth machines and progressive metropolises. Actor-oriented qualitative research methods are used to show how culture and economies can evolve from territorial conflicts. The author argues that the quest for both growth and social justice can coexist in intertwined ways and create urban development. Moreover, recent events in Gwangju, such as the May 18 Democratic Uprising and massacre, are shown to act as a backdrop for state-led urban boosterism and desire for economic growth at the same time as depicting a resistance to state-corporate marketing plans, which culminates in the eventual emergence of relatively coherent places-of-memory. These convergences and divergences are comparable to the urban boosterism characteristic of Western cities. The book contributes to the dialogue surrounding geography, urban studies, and postcolonial urban development, and will be of interest to academics working in these fields as well as human geography, planning, urban politics and East Asian studies.

The Global Financial Crisis and the Korean Economy - Jang Sup Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

The world economy fell into a global financial crisis in 2008/9 and is still jittered by its aftershocks. Like other financial crises happened in the world economy, it came as a surprise. In historical perspective, financial crises should be understood as a natural fact of life in the world economy and a more pertinent question that should be posed would be why people so easily forget and do not learn from the historical experience. This book deals with the question in two ways. First, it investigates the frame of mind that distances people from the reality of life. At the heart of it, it argues that there are wrong perceptions on the working of the world economy, in particular, the international financial market. It summarizes them as ‘the five conventional wisdoms’ in the international financial market and, by critically examining them, it draws on ‘the five financial theorems’, which would provide intellectual pillars for a more realistic understanding of the global financial market. Second, the book examines in detail the case of an emerging market economy that fell into a financial crisis twice in the recent decade. South Korea provides us with an interesting case of emerging market financial crises that came as ‘surprises’: it faced a financial crisis in 1997/98 after it had been acclaimed as one of ‘East Asian miracle economies’ and it was again befallen to a crisis during the global financial crisis in 2008/2009 after it was widely regarded as a country that had recovered from the crisis with one of the most successful implementations of the IMF-sponsored reforms. The book attempts to provide the readers with a realistic understanding of emerging market financial crises by interpreting the recent global financial crisis and the Korean crises with some general concepts manifested in ‘the five financial theorems’. It also tries to draw more general implications for policy management of emerging market economies.

A Practical Introduction to Enterprise Network and Security Management - Bongsik Shin - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk